Inhibition effect of polyvinyl butyral on crystallization of polypropylene

Document Type : Original research

Authors

1 CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

2 Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China

3 R&D and Training Center of Shenhua Ningxia Coal Group Coal Chemical Company,Yinchuan Ningxia 750411, China

Abstract

In this work, a series of polypropylene/polyvinyl butyral (PP/PVB) blends were prepared by melt-blending process, at PVB loadings 3 wt%, 10 wt%, and 30 wt%. The effects of PVB on crystallization behavior of PP were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The isothermal crystallization kinetics were analyzed by Avrami equations. It was found that the addition of PVB strikingly reduced the overall crystallization rate of PP. The POM results further indicated that the crystallization rate of PP/PVB was significantly reduced by reducing the nucleation density of PP with the addition of PVB. The fractured surface morphology of PP/PVB blends was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results showed that the PVB was uniformly dispersed in the PP matrix as small spherical particles, with a good dispersion and dimensional stability.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. Bhatia A, Jayaratne VN, Simon GP, Edward GH, Turney TW (2015) Nucleation of isotactic polypropylene with metal monoglycerolates. Polymer 59: 110-116
  2. De Rosa C, Auriemma F, Di Girolamo R, de Ballesteros OR (2014) Crystallization of the mesomorphic form and control of the molecular structure for tailoring the mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene. J Polym Sci Pol Phys 52: 677-699
  3. Liu Q, Sun X, Li H, Yan S (2013) Orientation-induced crystallization of isotactic polypropylene. Polymer 54: 4404-4421
  4. Nitta K-H, Yamaguchi M (2007) Morphology and mechanical properties in blends of polypropylene and polyolefin-based copolymers. In: Polyolefin blends, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 224-268
  5. Nitta KH, Shin YW, Hashiguchi H, Tanimoto S, Terano M (2005) Morphology and mechanical properties in the binary blends of isotactic polypropylene and novel propylene-co-olefin random copolymers with isotactic propylene sequence 1. Ethylene-propylene copolymers. Polymer 46: 965-975
  6. Pang Y, Dong X, Liu K, Han CC, Chen E, Wang D (2008) Ductile-brittle transition controlled by isothermal crystallization of isotactic polypropylene and its blend with poly(ethylene-co-octene). Polymer 49: 4259-4270
  7. Tselios C, Bikiaris D, Maslis V, Panayiotou C (1998) In situ compatibilization of polypropylene–polyethylene blends: A thermomechanical and spectroscopic study. Polymer 39: 6807-6817
  8. Pang Y, Dong X, Zhang X, Liu K, Chen E, Han CC, Wang D (2008) Interplay between crystallization behaviors and extensional deformation of isotactic polypropylene and its blend with poly(ethylene-co-octene). Polymer 49: 2568-2577
  9. Kato M, Usuki A, Hasegawa N, Okamoto H, Kawasumi M (2011) Development and applications of polyolefin–and rubber–clay nanocomposites. Polym J 43: 583-593
  10. Joseph A, George S, Joseph K, Thomas S (2006) Melting and crystallization behaviors of isotactic polypropylene/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber blends in the presence and absence of compatibilizers and fillers. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2067-2080
  11. Wilkinson A, Clemens M, Harding V (2004) The effects of SEBS-g-maleic anhydride reaction on the morphology and properties of polypropylene/PA6/SEBS ternary blends. Polymer 45: 5239-5249
  12. Zhu L, Xu XH, Sheng J (2011) Study on phase structure and evolution of PP/PEOc blends during heat preservation process under quiescent condition. J Polym Res18: 1269-1275
  13. Kannan M, Bhagawan SS, Thomas S, Joseph K (2013) Nanoclay effect on transport properties of thermoplastic polyurethane/polypropylene (TPU/PP) blends. J Polym Res 20: 201
  14. Friedrich K, Evstatiev M, Fakirov S, Evstatiev O, Ishii M, Harrass M (2005) Microfibrillar reinforced composites from PET/PP blends: Processing, morphology and mechanical properties. Compos Sci Technol 65: 107-116
  15. Fan Z-q, Zhang Y-q, Xu J-t, Wang H-t, Feng L-x (2001) Structure and properties of polypropylene/poly (ethylene-co-propylene) in-situ blends synthesized by spherical Ziegler–Natta catalyst. Polymer 42: 5559-5566
  16. Mark HF (2013) Encyclopedia of polymer science and technology, concise. John Wiley & Sons
  17. Liu B, Sun Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Ge D, Xu J (2012) Systematic experimental study on mechanical behavior of PVB (polyvinyl butyral) material under various loading conditions. Polym Eng Sci 52: 1137-1147
  18. Valera TS, Demarquette NR (2008) Polymer toughening using residue of recycled windshields: PVB film as impact modifier. Eur Polym J 44: 755-768
  19. Andreozzi L, Bati SB, Fagone M, Ranocchiai G, Zulli F (2014) Dynamic torsion tests to characterize the thermo-viscoelastic properties of polymeric interlayers for laminated glass. Construct Build Mater 65: 1-13
  20. Martuscelli E, Silvestre C, Canetti M, de Lalla C, Bonfatti A, Seves A (1989) Crystallization and thermal behaviour of blends of isotactic polypropylene and hydrogenated oligo (cyclopentadiene). Die Makromol Chemie 190: 2615-2625
  21. Sincock TF, David DJ (1992) Miscibility and properties of poly(vinyl butyral) and thermoplastic polyurethane blends. Polymer 33: 4515-4521
  22. Peng Y,Sui Y (2006) Compatibility research on PVC/PVB blended membranes. Desalination 196: 13-21
  23. Jarvela PA, Li SC, Jarvela PK (1997) Dynamic mechanical and mechanical properties of polypropylene poly(vinyl butyral) mica composites. J Appl Poly Sci 65: 2003-2011
  24. Costa LC, Ambrosio JD (2014) Influence of poly(vinyl butyral) on the dynamic-mechanical and mechanical properties of polypropylene/wood flour composites. In 20th Brazilian Conference on Materials Science and Engineering,  Ed. D Hotza. 593-598
  25. Cascone E, David DJ, Di Lorenzo ML, Karasz FE, Macknight WJ, Martuscelli E, Raimo M (2001) Blends of polypropylene with poly(vinyl butyral). J Appl Polym Sci 82: 2934-2946
  26. Hieber C (1995) Correlations for the quiescent crystallization kinetics of isotactic polypropylene and poly (ethylene terephthalate). Polymer 36: 1455-1467
  27. Wu TM, Cheng JC (2003) Morphology and electrical properties of carbon-black-filled poly(epsilon-caprolactone)/poly(vinyl butyral) nanocomposites. J  Appl Polym Sci 88: 1022-1031
  28. Avalos F, Lopez-Manchado M, Arroyo M (1996) Crystallization kinetics of polypropylene: 1. Effect of small additions of low-density polyethylene. Polymer 37: 5681-5688
  29. Zanjanijam A,Hakim  S, Azizi H(2016) Morphological, dynamic mechanical, rheological and impact strength properties of the PP/PVB blends: The effect of waste PVB as a toughener. RSC Advance 6: 44673-44686
  30. Wang YM, Xu YM, He DR, Yao W, Liu CT, Shen CY (2014) "Nucleation density reduction" effect of biodegradable cellulose acetate butyrate on the crystallization of poly(lactic acid). Mater Lett 128: 85-88
  31. Keith HD, Padden FJ, Russell TP (1989) Morphological changes in polyesters and polyamides induced by blending with small concentrations of polymer diluents. Macromolecules 22: 666-675
  32. Galeski A, Bartczak Z, Pracella M (1984) Spherulite nucleation in polypropylene blends with low-density polyethylene. Polymer 25: 1323-1326
  33. Kuo S-W, Chan S-C, Chang F-C (2004) Crystallization kinetics and morphology of binary phenolic/poly(ϵ-caprolactone) blends. J Polym Sci Pol Phys 42: 117-128
  34. Zou F, Dong X, Lin D, Liu W, Wang D, Han CC (2012) Morphological and rheological responses to the transient and steady shear flow for a phase-separated polybutadiene/polyisoprene blend. Polymer 53: 4818-4826
  • Receive Date: 19 October 2017
  • Revise Date: 08 February 2018
  • Accept Date: 21 February 2018
  • First Publish Date: 01 June 2018